Please note that this product (marketed as Vitrakvi) was withdrawn from the Community Register of designated orphan medicinal products in July 2019 upon request of the marketing authorisation holder at the time of the granting of a marketing authorisation.
On 11 January 2016, orphan designation (EU/3/15/1606) was granted by the European Commission to TMC Pharma Services Ltd, United Kingdom, for (S)-N-(5-((R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxamide hydrogen sulfate (also known as LOXO-101) for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma.
The sponsorship was transferred to Loxo Oncology Limited, United Kingdom in November 2017.
This medicine is now known as larotrectinib.
The sponsorship was transferred to Bayer AG - Germany, in June 2018.
Soft tissue sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects the soft, supportive tissues of the body. It can occur in muscles, blood vessels, fat tissue or in other tissues that support, surround and protect organs. Patients with soft tissue sarcoma do not usually have symptoms in the early stages of the disease. First symptoms appear when the tumour grows large enough to cause swelling and pain.
Soft tissue sarcoma is a long-term debilitating and life-threatening disease, particularly when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
At the time of designation, soft tissue sarcoma affected not more than 3 in 10,000 people in the European Union (EU). This was equivalent to a total of not more than 154,000 people*, and is below the ceiling for orphan designation, which is 5 people in 10,000. This is based on the information provided by the sponsor and the knowledge of the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products (COMP).
*Disclaimer: For the purpose of the designation, the number of patients affected by the condition is estimated and assessed on the basis of data from the European Union (EU 28), Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein. This represents a population of 512,900,000 (Eurostat 2015).
At the time of designation, the main treatment for early-stage soft tissue sarcoma was surgery. For large sarcomas, surgery was usually followed by radiotherapy (treatment with radiation) and chemotherapy (medicines to treat cancer) to kill any cancer cells that were left behind. Several medicines were authorised in the EU for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma including doxorubicin.
The sponsor has provided sufficient information to show that the medicine might be of significant benefit for patients with soft tissue sarcoma because it works in a different way to other treatments and early studies indicate that it might reduce the spread of the cancer in patients with advanced disease. This assumption will need to be confirmed at the time of marketing authorisation, in order to maintain the orphan status.
This medicine is a 'tyrosine kinase inhibitor', which means that it works by blocking enzymes known as tyrosine kinases. These enzymes can be found in some receptors in cancer cells, including the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) family. TRK receptors are involved in stimulating the cells to divide uncontrollably. By blocking these receptors, the medicine is expected to stop cell division and lead to cell death. This is expected to slow down the growth and spread of soft tissue sarcoma.
The effects of the medicine have been evaluated in experimental models.
At the time of submission of the application for orphan designation, clinical trials with the medicine in patients with soft tissue sarcoma were ongoing.
At the time of submission, the medicine was not authorised anywhere in the EU for soft tissue sarcoma. Orphan designation of the medicine had been granted in the United States for this condition.
In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 141/2000 of 16 December 1999, the COMP adopted a positive opinion on 10 December 2015 recommending the granting of this designation.
Designated orphan medicinal products are products that are still under investigation and are considered for orphan designation on the basis of potential activity. An orphan designation is not a marketing authorisation. As a consequence, demonstration of quality, safety and efficacy is necessary before a product can be granted a marketing authorisation.
Bayer AG
Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 1
Wiesdorf
51373 Leverkusen
Tel. +49 30 300139003
E-mail: clinical-trials-contact@bayer.com
The Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products reviewed the orphan designation of Vitrakvi at the time of marketing authorisation.
The sponsor formally requested the withdrawal of the orphan designation prior to the Committee’s final opinion. More information is available in the Vitrakvi : Orphan designation withdrawal assessment report (initial authorisation).
EMA publishes information on orphan medicinal product designation adopted by the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products (COMP) on the IRIS online platform:
For contact details of patients’ organisations whose activities are targeted at rare diseases, see:
European Organisation for Rare Diseases (EURORDIS), a non-governmental alliance of patient organisations and individuals active in the field of rare diseases.
Orphanet, a database containing information on rare diseases, which includes a directory of patients’ organisations registered in Europe.
The list of medicines that have received an orphan designation in the EU is available on the European Commission's website: