EU/3/17/1937 - orphan designation for treatment of pancreatic cancer
4-amino-1-[(1S,4R,5S)-2-fluoro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-yl]pyrimidin-2-one
OrphanHuman
Overview
On 12 October 2017, orphan designation (EU/3/17/1937) was granted by the European Commission to Quintiles Ireland Limited, Ireland, for 4-amino-1-[(1S,4R,5S)-2-fluoro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-yl]pyrimidin-2-one (also known as RX-3117) for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
In May 2018 the sponsor, Quintiles Ireland Limited changed name to IQVIA RDS Ireland Limited.
Pancreatic cancer is cancer of the pancreas, a small organ that lies behind the stomach. The pancreas has two functions: to produce a fluid that helps with the digestion of food, and to produce hormones such as insulin. Due to the absence of symptoms in the early stages of pancreatic cancer, the majority of patients are diagnosed when the cancer has spread nearby or to other parts of the body.
Pancreatic cancer is a debilitating and life-threatening disease that is associated with shortened life expectancy.
At the time of designation, pancreatic cancer affected approximately 2.4 in 10,000 people in the European Union (EU). This was equivalent to a total of around 124,000 people*, and is below the ceiling for orphan designation, which is 5 people in 10,000. This isbased on the information provided by the sponsor and the knowledge of the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products (COMP).
*Disclaimer: For the purpose of the designation, the number of patients affected by the condition is estimated and assessed on the basis of data from the European Union (EU 28), Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein. This represents a population of 515,700,000 (Eurostat 2017).
At the time of designation, several medicines were authorised in the EU for treating pancreatic cancer. Treatments included surgery, radiotherapy (treatment with radiation) and chemotherapy (medicines to treat cancer).
The sponsor has provided sufficient information to show that the medicine might be of significant benefit for patients with pancreatic cancer because laboratory studies showed that it reduced the size of the tumours that were resistant to treatment with the cancer medicine gemcitabine. It was also found to be effective when given in combination with another cancer medicine, paclitaxel. These assumptions will need to be confirmed at the time of marketing authorisation, in order to maintain the orphan status.
The medicine is activated inside cancer cells by an enzyme called UCK2. Because this enzyme is present mainly in cancer cells, the medicine is activated only in these cells. The activated form of the medicine blocks the production of the cell's genetic material, RNA and DNA, and so kills the cancer cells. This is expected to slow down the growth of the cancer.
The effects of the medicine have been evaluated in experimental models.
At the time of submission of the application for orphan designation, no clinical trials with the medicine in patients with pancreatic cancer had been started.
At the time of submission, the medicine was not authorised anywhere in the EU for pancreatic cancer. Orphan designation of the medicine had been granted in the United States for this condition.
In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 141/2000 of 16 December 1999, the COMP adopted a positive opinion on 5 October 2017 recommending the granting of this designation.
- the seriousness of the condition;
- the existence of alternative methods of diagnosis, prevention or treatment;
- either the rarity of the condition (affecting not more than 5 in 10,000 people in the EU) or insufficient returns on investment.
Designated orphan medicinal products are products that are still under investigation and are considered for orphan designation on the basis of potential activity. An orphan designation is not a marketing authorisation. As a consequence, demonstration of quality, safety and efficacy is necessary before a product can be granted a marketing authorisation.
Key facts
- Active substance
- 4-amino-1-[(1S,4R,5S)-2-fluoro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-yl]pyrimidin-2-one
- Intended use
- Treatment of pancreatic cancer
- Orphan designation status
- Positive
- EU designation number
- EU/3/17/1937
- Date of designation
- Sponsor
IQVIA RDS Ireland Limited
Review of designation
The Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products reviews the orphan designation of a product if it is approved for marketing authorisation.
EMA list of opinions on orphan medicinal product designation
EMA publishes information on orphan medicinal product designation adopted by the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products (COMP) on the IRIS online platform:
Patients' organisations
For contact details of patients’ organisations whose activities are targeted at rare diseases, see:
Orphanet, a database containing information on rare diseases, which includes a directory of patients’ organisations registered in Europe.
European Organisation for Rare Diseases (EURORDIS), a non-governmental alliance of patient organisations and individuals active in the field of rare diseases.
EU register of orphan medicines
The list of medicines that have received an orphan designation in the EU is available on the European Commission's website: