EU/3/21/2520 - orphan designation for treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy

Fingolimod

Overview

This medicine was designated as an orphan medicine for the treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy in the European Union on 12 November 2021.

This means that the developer will receive scientific and regulatory support from EMA to advance their medicine to the stage where they can apply for a marketing authorisation.

Orphan designation does not mean the medicine is available or authorised for use. All medicines, including designated orphan medicines, must be authorised before they can be marketed and made available to patients in the EU.

During the medicine's development, doctors may be able to enrol patients in clinical trials investigating the medicine. For information on ongoing clinical trials in the EU, see:

• EU Clinical Trials Register

• ClinicalTrials.gov

The sponsor's name was updated in November 2022.

How the medicine is expected to work

Patients with adrenoleukodystrophy have a build-up of substances called 'very long chain fatty acids' (VLCFAs) in the body, especially in the brain and spinal cord, which leads to inflammation and damage to the protective sheath around the nerves (myelin). The medicine prevents T cells (a type of white blood cell involved in the process of inflammation) from moving round the body and entering the brain and spinal cord, thus limiting inflammation and damage to myelin. This is expected to improve symptoms of the condition.

Stage of development at time of orphan designation

At the time of submission of the application for orphan designation:

• The effects of the medicine had been evaluated in experimental models.
• No clinical trials with the medicine in patients with adrenoleukodystrophy had been started.  

The medicine is authorised in the EU under the trade name Gilenya for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

More information on how potential new medicines are tested during their development is available on Authorisation of medicines.

About orphan designation

Medicines intended for rare diseases can be granted an orphan designation during their development.

The orphan designation allows the developer to benefit from:

• scientific and regulatory support to advance their medicine to the stage where they can request marketing authorisation;

• market exclusivity once the medicine is on the market.

To qualify for orphan designation, a medicine must meet a number of criteria:

• it must be intended for the treatment, prevention or diagnosis of a disease that is life-threatening or chronically debilitating;

• the prevalence of the condition in the EU must not be more than 5 in 10,000 or it must be unlikely that marketing of the medicine would generate sufficient returns to justify the investment needed for its development;

• there are no satisfactory alternative methods for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of the condition or, if such a method exists, the medicine is of significant benefit to those affected by the condition.

EMA's Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products (COMP) is responsible for issuing opinions on applications for orphan designations.

The Agency sends the COMP opinion to the European Commission, which is responsible for granting the orphan designation. The full list of orphan designations is available in the Community register of orphan medicinal products for human use.

For more information, see:

• Orphan designation: Overview

• Rare diseases, orphan medicines - Getting the facts straight

Minutes of the COMP meeting 5-7 October 2021

Adopted

Key facts

• Active substance:
  Fingolimod
• Intended use:
  Treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy
• Orphan designation status:
  Positive
• EU designation number:
  EU/3/21/2520
• Date of designation:
  12/11/2021
• Sponsor:

  Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red;